In order to identify a specific restriction fragment using a probe, what must be done?

In order to identify a specific restriction fragment using a probe, what must be done? 

A) The fragments must be separated by electrophoresis.
B) The fragments must be treated with heat or chemicals to separate the strands of the double helix.
C) The probe must be hybridized with the fragment.
D) The fragments must be separated by electrophoresis and the fragments must be treated with heat or chemicals to separate the strands of the double helix.
E) The fragments must be separated by electrophoresis, the fragments must be treated with heat or chemicals to separate the strands of the double helix, and the probe must be hybridized with the fragment.






Answer: E

Why might a laboratory be using dideoxy nucleotides?

Why might a laboratory be using dideoxy nucleotides? 

A) to separate DNA fragments
B) to clone the breakpoints of cut DNA
C) to produce cDNA from mRNA
D) to sequence a DNA fragment
E) to visualize DNA expression






Answer: D

The reason for using Taq polymerase for PCR is that

The reason for using Taq polymerase for PCR is that 

A) it is heat stable and can withstand the temperature changes of the cycler.
B) only minute amounts are needed for each cycle of PCR.
C) it binds more readily than other polymerases to primer.
D) it has regions that are complementary to primers.
E) All of these are correct.





Answer: A

Why are BACs preferred today rather than bacteriophages for making genomic libraries?

Why are BACs preferred today rather than bacteriophages for making genomic libraries?

A) The BAC carries more DNA.
B) The BAC can carry entire genes and their regulatory elements.
C) Larger BACs are easier to store.
D) The BAC can carry entire genes and their regulatory elements, and larger BACs are easier to store.
E) The BAC carries more DNA, the BAC can carry entire genes and their regulatory elements, and larger BACs are easier to store.






Answer: E

Pax-6 is a gene that is involved in eye formation in many invertebrates, such as Drosophila. Pax-6 is found as well in vertebrates. A Pax-6 gene from a mouse can be expressed in a fly and the protein (PAX-6) leads to a compound fly eye. This information suggests which of the following?

Pax-6 is a gene that is involved in eye formation in many invertebrates, such as Drosophila. Pax-6 is found as well in vertebrates. A Pax-6 gene from a mouse can be expressed in a fly and the protein (PAX-6) leads to a compound fly eye. This information suggests which of the following? 

A) Pax-6 genes are identical in nucleotide sequence.
B) PAX-6 proteins have identical amino acid sequences.
C) Pax-6 is highly conserved and shows shared evolutionary ancestry.
D) PAX-6 proteins are different for formation of different kinds of eyes.
E) PAX-6 from a mouse can function in a fly, but a fly's Pax-6 gene cannot function in a mouse.






Answer: C

Why is it so important to be able to amplify DNA fragments when studying genes?

Why is it so important to be able to amplify DNA fragments when studying genes? 

A) DNA fragments are too small to use individually.
B) A gene may represent only a millionth of the cell's DNA.
C) Restriction enzymes cut DNA into fragments that are too small.
D) A clone requires multiple copies of each gene per clone.
E) It is important to have multiple copies of DNA in the case of laboratory error.






Answer: B